Boosting Brains and Brawn: The Link Between Resistance Training and Academic Achievement in Youth
In the pursuit of enhancing academic performance in school-aged youth, various strategies have been explored, from improving study habits to incorporating technology in the classroom. However, a recent study has shed light on an unexpected factor that could play a pivotal role in boosting academic outcomes: resistance training. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the potential relationship between physical exercise, specifically resistance training, and academic achievement in school-aged youth. The results are both surprising and promising, providing preliminary evidence that resistance training may improve academic performance.
Methods and Scope
Researchers scoured databases and journals for relevant studies, employing strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the credibility and reliability of the data. The final selection consisted of 53 randomized controlled trials and observational studies with clear resistance training interventions and measurable academic outcomes (i.e., cognitive function, academic achievement, and/or on-task behaviour in the classroom). Altogether, the meta-analysis encompassed data from thousands of school-aged participants across various countries, making it a robust investigation into the subject matter.
The Impact of Resistance Training on Cognitive and Academic Outcomes
The meta-analysis revealed a compelling relationship between resistance training, muscular fitness and academic outcomes in school-aged children and adolescents (aged 5-18 years). Several key findings emerged:
Enhanced Cognitive Function: Participants engaged in resistance training exhibited improved cognitive functions, including enhanced attention span, memory retention, and information processing speed. Improvements in working memory – which allows for storage and manipulation of information necessary for complex cognitive tasks – may benefit other executive functions, such as planning, reasoning, and problem solving, leading to additional learning gains. Improved muscular fitness also had a positive effect on students’ cognitive flexibility (i.e., adjusting to new demands, rules or priorities) and fluid intelligence (i.e., ability to reason, problem solve, and see patterns).
Better Academic Engagement: The study discovered that students who participated in resistance training demonstrated increased interest, focus, and engagement in their academic pursuits and during class time.
Improved Academic Achievement: Engaging in resistance training also had a positive effect on academic performance and the extent to which a student achieved their educational goals, as measured by standardized tests or school grades.
Conclusion: Building Strong Minds and Bodies
The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis provide valuable insights into the power of resistance training as a catalyst for academic success in youth. Beyond the obvious physical benefits, participation in resistance training (and improved muscular fitness) may help to improve cognitive function, enhance academic engagement, and foster improved academic achievement. Encouraging schools to incorporate age-appropriate resistance training programs into their curricula may prove to be a fruitful strategy for optimizing academic outcomes and promoting holistic student development. Inclusion of resistance training into active learning (e.g., classroom activity breaks) may also be warranted.
It is important to note that while resistance training shows promise in improving academic outcomes, it should not replace conventional teaching methods or other forms of physical activity. A comprehensive approach to education, which includes a balance of physical activity, mental stimulation, and emotional support, remains key to nurturing well-rounded and successful students. As further research continues to unravel the intricate relationship between specific types of physical activity and academic achievement, educators and policymakers can work together to create an environment that promotes both academic success and health and well-being in our youth.
References
Robinson, K., Riley, N., Owen, K., Drew, R., Mavilidi, M. F., Hillman, C. H., ... & Lubans, D. R. (2023). Effects of Resistance Training on Academic Outcomes in School-Aged Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01881-6
